Toby is a Senior Associate in Intellectual Property Group at Bird & Bird, based in London. Since joining Bird & Bird in 2010, Toby has been involved in a wide range of contentious intellectual property matters. With his physical sciences background Toby is often involved in disputes involving complex technologies and his recent experience includes matters involving electromagnetic methods for geophysical prospecting, GSM, UMTS and LTE cellular standards, USB functionality, flash memory devices, algorithmic trading systems and digital set top boxes.